Electric-telegraph apparatus.



WITNESSES.-

J. A. ELMS.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH APP ARATUS.

APPHCATION FILED OCT- 30. I912.

Patented Nov. 2,1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

IVVEN TOR.

J. A. ELMS.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

APPLICATION mu) 001.30. 1912.

1,158,665. Patented Nov, 2, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

AFT/E Z/ VE uivrrnn s'ra rns PATENT GFFDCE.

JOSEPH A. ELMs, 0F SOMEBVILLE, MnssAonnsE'rrs.

ELECTRIC-TELEGRAPH APPARATUS Specification of LettersvPatent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

Application filed October 30, 1912. Serial N 0. 728,694.

T0 ZZ whom it may concern c it known thatI, 'JosEPH A. ELMs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Somerville, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Electric-Telegraph Apparatus,

of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in electric telegraph apparatus, in which a local battery is substituted for condensers or other inductive electrical devices at present or heretofore used for the purpose of energizing an electro-magnet whose function it is to hold the armature of another electro: magnet in a closed position with reference to its contact points, during the momentary absence of the main current in the latter magnet, such as happens when the polechanging transmitting instrument at the other end of a telegraph line reverses the polarity of the battery in a multiplex telegraph-system, or from other causes.

In a quadruplex telegraph system, there are at each. end of'a telegraph wire, a polarized relay responding to electric impulses of alternate polarity under the control of a pole-changer at the opposite end of the same wire, and a neutral relay responding only to electric impulses under the control of a transmitter, also at the opposite end of the same wire whose function it is to vary the strength of Whichever current polarity is at the timelbeing presented to the line by the pole-changer at the transmitting end ofthe- 'WlIG.

In the operation of reversing the polarity of the transmitted current, this pole changer opens the telegraph line mo mentarily at each reversal, and causes an interval of no magnetism in the magnets of the neutral relay of the quadruplex set at the other .endof thewire If this momentary opening of the line oc'curiat the time that a signal is'being sent to the line requiring thefull strengthof the battery in order to close, the neutral relay at the distant 'end of the line, this'neutral relay will lose its magnetism for an instant, and its armature will open its local contact point force of' a retractile spring LttaCl18d-1 tO.1t, and the signal will be mutilated. To prevent this mutilation, and bridge over jthis interval of no lmagnetism in the neutraLrela-y, various devices have been adopted heretofore, de-

pending" upon the sluggish action of an extra local circuit 0 erated by the back stop of the armature o the neutral relay, and

the main coils, at the instant that the current disappears from these main coils, re-

maining therein during the entire interval of no magnetism in the neutral relay magnets, and automatically cut ofi from the holding coils the moment the current reappears in the main coils when the distant pole-changer again closes the line.

a I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which a polarized relay, P R, Figu'e 1, first sheet, is represented withits several parts assembled theoretically, and a neutral relay, N R,'with a'holding magnet, H M directly above'it, is also dra n theoretically. The wires connecting thpJhoils of holding magnet H M with the ized relay P R, are represented theoretically by heavy lines. The whole of my invention is illustrated on the first sheet. Fig.

2, second sheet, represents theoretically the receiving apparatus and wiringof a quad ruplex telegraph set of the bridge-differential type, with my improvements forming apart thereof; The wiring belonging to my invention is in heavy lines. Other wiring is. in light lines. The relays on both rsheets are the same.

Similar letters refer to similar throughout the two views.

orking parts of polar-.

' parts its armatures maturelever' as that of N R, forming a holding magnet. y

L B, is a local battery, the. current from which follows a wire making connection with the two contact points D C P and D C P, thence through a variable resistance V R, tothe coils of holding magnet H M. Passing through these coils the L B current returns through a wire connected with me tallic lever V, and to the return pole of L B; completing the circuit.

is in contact with either D G For D UP, the current from local battery L B shortcircuits through this route and does not enter-holding magnet coils H M. VVheneverlever V, following the movements of thepolarized relay armatures, crosses from onecontact point tothe other, as 1t does with each reversal of the distant pole- -changer,-and breaks-contact with D C P or "D G P,it destroys the short circuit, and the currentironizL B flows into the coils of holding magnet; H M until again out off therefrom by the restoration of 'thesl1ort5 circuit before described.

In order to hasten the breaking of contact between lever V and contact point D C P or D GP, and make the entry of current into the coils of holding'magnet H M-coincide with' the 'di'sappearance'of current from the coils of neutral relay N R, an auxiliarymetalli'c lever A V ending in two spring con-' tacts S C andiS C, oscillates between two fixed contact points-L CP' and L C P, in unison with the movement of lever'V between contact points D=O P and D C Pl Contact points LC P andL C P should be adjusted a'glittle nearerto spring contacts S G and-S C than contact points D C P and D C P are :to' the contacts on metallic lever -V. current onthe line which will cause lever V tomake contact with contact- 'poln'tDC P, will also'causeauxiliary lever A V" to make contact with contact point L GP, and its spring contact will be forced back a little. The instance the distant-polechanger opens the circuit,'-and'the current leaves'that side ofthe relay, this spring contact will return to'its normal position, carrying with itauxiliary" lever-A V and lever V, which will at the same time break con-} tact with contact'point D GP, and allow :current from local battery L'B to floiw into holding magnet-HRM, and remain therein during the interval of time occupied by the distant pole-changer in crossing to'its-opno longer-needed:

at the. beginning ofthe'intervalof no magnetism' in the relays-is illustrated in Sheet 1 Spring contact The result ofthi'smethod of wiring is that whenever lever V purpose of making-theistrength o'flocal battery L B proportional to-lthe strength of R. This local battery current should not be lever A' V'may be combined with suitable insulationbetweentheinfwherf needed. For cle'arness otdescription I have divided them between ti'vfo""leveist'aniil I' are;

parts, "and to. enable t it levers" 1A armch- ;st. -'msy=act as pol with contact point L C. P, the reversed .main line current which. w oi ldlcarry the .own local cont-actpoint N G which operates a local sounder on the neutral side of the quadruplex set,-thuspreventing the mutilation of any signal depending upon the Y proper workingfiof neutral relay N R.

V R is a variable resistance 'addedto that of the coils of holding magnet 11 M, for the 8 the full main line currenti-n its power toattract the armature lever'of; neutral relay N strong enoughto dr'awthe' armature of'neutral relay N" R- away fromjlts back-stop when that relay 1s open, and that armature is be ng i held back by itsretracti-lespring, but strong 5 enough to holdthis armature closed when it finds it closed'andduring the brief interval of no magnetism in 'the m'agn'ets 0i?" "neutral relay N R. Being=automatically*cut*off from holding "'magnet*H"M Whenever any local current cannev'erintgrtereiwith such current is present in the ma in line coils, this mainline current. r I

Metallic lever" V. constitutes an' e'lectrih" valve, contaotpoints' D C rand D G P forming the seat OftSfild valve, "and metallic S C constitutes an "auxiliary-Etc saidelectri a valve, all inthe manner substantially as' dev scribed for the purpose (if-controlling the admission or exclusion of' an electric --cur--1 rent to or "from the coils of;a='h 51diag*mag-= net,substan,tiallyas described All thefeatureszoflever'fV'an au'x ji'ary- 'to onelever' fer'two leversinstead o one'forth purpose described-J To avoid "nnecessary with its spring. contacts;

to, erfo'rni such secondary'dut wit "out interference with its an insulating substance I-"s trically from "allfoth'er "p the same -'ar'b'or is ingifaflocailsounder ori l -.i oo .lever A Vjwithfitsspring entaetss C and-* closed position during the interval of no magnetism described; but this holding magnet is now and has been energized by condenserdischarges or other inductive influences, the effect of which is but momentary, not lasting long enough to guard the signals made by this relay from mutilation.

hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is contained in the following claims:

1. In a multiplex telegraph system, a polarized relay; a neutral relay having a holding magnet coil; a local battery to energize same; means for energizing said relays as commonly used in multiplex telegraph systems, and means operated by the polarized relay whereby the holding relay coil becomes energized when the polarized relay becomes deenergized. v

In a multiplex telegraphsystem, a neutral relay having a holding magnet coil; a local source of energy for said coil; a polarized relay; a source of current and cir cuit for said relays as commonly used in multiplex telegraph systems; a poralized relay armature, and means operated by said armature whereby said coil is energized whenever said armature moves from-either of its contacts, regardless of the strength of current in said circuit.

3. In a multiplex telegraph system, a neutral relay having a holding magnet coil; a local source of current to energize said coil; a polarized relay; a strong and a weak source of current to operate said relays as commonly used in multiplex telegraph systems;

a polarized relay armature; means operated by said armature whereby said coil becomes operative whenever said armature moves from either of its cooperating contact points in either direction. 1

4. In a-multiplex telegraph system, a polarized relay; a circuit for same; a source of current to energize same; means whereby the direction of fiow of said current may be changed as commonly ueed in multiplex telegraph systems; an armature for said relay carrying a contact member designed to close an electric circuit, said armaturehaving. a normal position of rest and a temporary position of rest; a contact point to cooperate with said contact member at either position of rest; springs to accelerate the movement of said armature away from each contact point to a point where the contact member breaks contact with its cooperating point; a neutral relay having a holding magnet coil; a local source of current and circuit for controlling said coil; said contact member and point being associated with said circuit as and for the purpose set forth, and means .Whereby said 'coil is not energized when ourrent 1s flowing in said polarlzed relay c1rcuit in either direction, and is energized when no current is flowing in'said circuit;

5. In a multiplex telegraph system, a polarizedrelay; a source of current for same; an armature therefor carrying a contact member designed to operate an electric circuit; said armature having a normal and a temp rary position of rest; a contact'point to ccfiiperate with said contact member at either position of rest; springs to accelerate the movement of said armature away from either contact point Whenever not held thereto by any magnetic influence; a, neutral relay having a holding magnet coil; a shunt in multiple with said coil: a local source of current to energize said coil; electric circuits controlled through saidcontact member and cooperating points, whereby current from said local source may be'ca-used to flow through said holding magnet coil when 'no current is flowing through said relay magnets 6. In a multiplex telegraph system, a polarized relay; a neutralrelay having a holding magnet coil; a local-battery and circuit for energizing said coil; a shunt normally in multiple with said coil; a polarized relay armature; a contact member thereon; con tact points to cooperate with said contact member; said cont-act memberand points serving to close said shunt when said armature is at rest, and to open said shunt during any movement of said armature and per: mit current to fiow through theyholding' magnet coil as, and for the purpose set forth. A

7. In a multiplex telegraph systennfa polarized relay; an armature for the same; a

neutral relay having a holding magnet coil;

a source of current having a variable strength; a pole-ch g transmltter operated at the distant station for reversing the direction of said source of current; a front and back contact stop againstwhich said 8. In a multiplex telegraph systerm a polarized relay and a neutral relay, the'former operated by currents the direction of flow of which may be reversed by a pole-chang I ing transmitter operated at the distant stalaycarrying a contact member; a front and back contact stop between which said contact member may oscillate or against eitheri of which it may rest according to the direction, the latter operated by'currents of variable strength controlled by a transmitter operated at the distant station; 'a holding magnet coil associated With said neutral re= lay, and designed to act onthe armature thereof; an armature for said polarized retion of flow of current regardless of strength 'in said polarized relayf'a local source of I electricity to energize said holding magnet coil, and said contact member and cooperating front and back contact stops so connected with said local source of electricity and said holding magnet coil as 'to' constitute mans'whereb-y said holding magnet coil is deenergized Whenever 'current ofany strength is flowing through said polarized relay and the contact member is in engage.- .ment with either of its contact stops and is energized whenever .no current is flowing" through said polarized relay orduring .transit of said contact member from onecon tact.point to the other in eitherdirection; a

second contact member also carried upon said polarized relay armature, but insulated Copies a this patent ma be obtained for therefrom, and terminating in spring con- I tacts designed to cooperate with its front and back contact stops in the operation of any electric circuit, and at the same time constitute means whereby, saidfirst contact member shall break contact witheither of its cooperating contact stops Whenever not held thereto by any magnetic influence substantially as described and for the purposes set forth in the accompanying specifications.

9. Ina, multiplex telegraph system a polarized relay, an armature havinga normal.

and atemporary position of rest; a contact member the reon; an electric circuit; contact points to cooperate with said member ateither-position of rest to'control said electric circuit; other electric circuits; contact springs on said armature to control said ment of said armature away from either position of rest, and cause the contact member to quickly break contact with its-then 'cooperating contact point; as,- and for the pur- Witnesses: 4

' RAYMOND H. E Ms jEvA ELMs.

five cents each,- by addressing the (3 ommisii one!lo! Patents. Washington, D. G.

other electric circuits; said contact springs being so adjusted as to accelerate the move- 

